頂管施工(gong)是繼盾構(gou)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)后(hou)而發展(zhan)起來的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)地(di)(di)下(xia)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)法，它(ta)不需要(yao)開(kai)挖(wa)面層(ceng)，并且能夠(gou)穿(chuan)越(yue)公路、鐵道(dao)(dao)、河川、地(di)(di)面建筑物、地(di)(di)下(xia)構(gou)筑物以及(ji)各(ge)種(zhong)地(di)(di)下(xia)管(guan)(guan)線等。頂管(guan)(guan)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)借助于主頂油缸及(ji)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)間中繼間等的(de)推(tui)力，把工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)或(huo)掘(jue)進(jin)機從工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)井(jing)內(nei)穿(chuan)過(guo)土層(ceng)一(yi)直推(tui)到接收井(jing)內(nei)吊起。與此同時，也就把緊隨工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)管(guan)(guan)或(huo)掘(jue)進(jin)機后(hou)的(de)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)埋設在兩井(jing)之(zhi)間，以期(qi)實現(xian)非開(kai)挖(wa)敷設地(di)(di)下(xia)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)的(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)法。

頂管施工分類：

在頂管施工中一個流行的有三種平衡理(li)論：

氣壓平(ping)衡、泥水平(ping)衡和土壓平(ping)衡理(li)論(lun)。

頂(ding)管(guan)施(shi)(shi)工突出的(de)特點就是適應性問(wen)題。針對不同的(de)地質情況、施(shi)(shi)工條件和設(she)(she)計要(yao)求，選(xuan)用與之適應的(de)頂(ding)管(guan)施(shi)(shi)工方(fang)式，如何正(zheng)確地選(xuan)擇頂(ding)管(guan)機和配套輔助設(she)(she)備，對于頂(ding)管(guan)施(shi)(shi)工來說將是非(fei)常關鍵的(de)。